+Firstly, if you decided that strength is the quality that determines who you want in your army, you're going to be drafting almost all men _anyway_. (Again, a sex difference of _2.6 standard deviations_ and a selection threshold 1 standard deviation below the male mean gives you a male:female ratio of (1 − Φ(−1))/(1 − Φ(1.6)) ≈ 15.4:1, where Φ is the [cumulative distribution function](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumulative_distribution_function) of the normal distribution.)
+
+To this, the Berkeley graduate might reply, "So then the optimal army has 15 men for every woman; what's the problem with that? Surely you don't want to make your army _less strong_ just to satisfy some weird æsthetic that all your soldiers should have the same kind of genitals?"
+
+A minor counterreply would be that, if people's sex is public information but there are administrative costs associated with strength-testing everyone, you probably wouldn't _bother_ testing the women, for the same reason that, if you were mining for spellsilver ore, and one mine had fifteen times as much ore as the other, you wouldn't even set up your tools at the poorer mine until you had completely exhausted the first.
+
+But more fundamentally, even if you assume strength-testing is free, we haven't yet taken into account all _other_ sex differences that are relevant to military performance. It's not just that any other individual traits (_e.g._, aggression) that you select for will stack multiplicatively, resulting in even more extreme ratios. There are group-level effects that aren't captured by measuring the traits of individual soldiers: the social dynamics of a squad of fifteen men and one woman are going to be different from those of a squad of sixteen men. Even if you've selected a woman for strength and every martial virtue to equal any man, do the _men_ know that in their hindbrains, or are they going to be biased to want to protect her or seek her favor in a way that they wouldn't in an all-male environment? You could command them not to—but does that actually _work_?
+
+[TODO: and who is this helping, exactly? Is it worse for a woman to be drafted? Yes! (Quote what Thellim says her world believes about male nature.) Keltham acknowledges the possibility of rape, and then schemes about trying to solve it with truthspells—but why are you even trying to solve this problem at all?]
+
+[TODO: okay, we want to accomodate exceptions; that's important. (We also want to accomodate exceptions like people without college degrees: college _or_ have an awesome portfolio is fine.) If there are women who really want to fight to defend their homeland, then either induct them or set up a special women's company depending on the empirical social design trade-offs (lower cohesion _vs._ lost skills due to no cross-sex mentorship). But "draft men, but accept women volunteers" is a _Pareto improvement_ over "Draft everyone based on strength"; it's not ilani to _ignore Pareto improvements_ because of American taboos.]
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